Merge records

Last updated on Jun 2, 2026

Learn how to create a merged document or PDF in Adobe InDesign by combining your formatted target document with records from your data source file.

After you format the target document and insert data fields, you can merge the data into a new InDesign document or a PDF. During the merge, InDesign replaces the fields with data from the source and creates a new output based on the target document. If the target uses parent-page placeholders, those items are copied to the parent pages of the merged document.

Open the target document and do one of the following:

  • Select Create Merged Document from the Data Merge panel menu to create a merged InDesign document.
  • Choose Export To PDF from Data Merge panel menu to merge the records and export them directly to a PDF.

Choose which records to merge by selecting All Records, Single Record, or entering a Range in the Records tab.

Choose how records appear on each page under Records Per Document Page by selecting Single Record for one record per page or Multiple Records for more than one record per page, such as mailing labels.

You cannot merge multiple records per page if data fields appear on a document page in a multi-page document, or if data fields appear on multiple parent pages.

Turn on optional warnings and reports:

  • Generate Overset Text Report With Document Creation to track overset text.
  • Alert When Images Are Missing to receive warnings for missing images.

Select Alert When Images Are Missing to display a warning if one or more images cannot be found.

Open the Multiple Record Layout tab to set layout options when you select Multiple Records:

  • For Margins, type values to specify the distance between margin guides and each edge of the page.
  • For Layout Of Records, select either Rows First or Columns First, then specify the spacing between columns and rows.

Select Preview Multiple Record Layout to review your layout changes. Use the page navigation buttons to preview different records.

Select the Options tab to specify the placement options and select OK.

Note
  • InDesign creates a new document or PDF file containing all merged records. If your data source references unsupported file formats or missing images, you may need to correct the file paths, relocate files to the correct locations, or update the data source.
  • When you merge directly to a PDF, the same options that apply to creating a merged InDesign document apply. The resulting PDF uses PDF XObjects for static page content, reducing file size and improving efficiency.

Limits when using multiple records

You can use Multiple Records option to place more than one record on a page, such as when printing mailing labels. The appearance of the records depends on how your layout is set up. Multiple Records has the following limitations:

  • You can’t merge multiple records if data fields appear on more than one parent page or on document pages in a multi-page document.
  • All placeholders must use the same size.
  • Deleted records don't cause the remaining records to move into the space left by the deletion.